History of Hinduism

  Summary 

 Hinduism is the oldest religion that was born during the Krta Yuga era.   Hinduism has also  given birth to  cultures such as in astronomy, agriculture, art and many more. In the present life, the aim of Hindus is to "Moksartham Jagadhita Ya Ca Iti Dharma" as regulated in Chess Purusa Artha (Dharma [virtue], Artha [matter], Kama [lust], Moksa [union with Brahman])). Veda  contains the meaning of sacred knowledge or eternal truth. The sacred teachings of the Vedas have a position as scripture, science (spiritual and worldly knowledge), God's revelation, mantras, the source of Hindu law (Sruti, Smerti, Slia, Events, Atmanastuti). Vedas are written in Sanskrit which is grouped into Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit, Hybrida Sanskrit. The book is also available with a translation into Old Javanese. Hindus know "Anandi-Ananta" (no beginning and no end) which means there is nothing earlier than the Veda.

The development of Hinduism began when Maha Rsi received revelations for the first time in the Sindhu River Valley, India. After receiving the revelations, the Maha Rsi taught and wrote them into Vedic scriptures which became the guidelines for the four phases of Hindu development in India, namely the Veda, Brahmin, Upanisad, Buddhist times.

The four ages can be described as follows. In the Vedic era, humans were divided into four groups, namely brahmins, knights, waisya, and sudras. They worship Gods through the form of statues. The Brahmin era was the era when the "Ceremonial Procedures" were composed based on revelations received by the rsi. The Upanisad era was the birth of philosophical teachings such as Itihasa and Purana which eventually made the worship of Tri Murti become common in society and. The Buddhist era began when Sidharta interpreted the Veda in light of logic, yoga and samadhi which were developing in society.

Hinduism spread to Indonesia in the 4th century AD starting from Kutai. Famous theories related to this are from Krom (Waisya theory [through traders]), Mookerjee (from merchants who formed colonies in Indonesia), Moens and Bosch (knight theory). There is evidence of inscriptions, such as the Dinoyo praasasti, Dinoyo inscriptions, and by Maha Rsi Agastya, Hinduism brought influences such as the end of prehistoric times, increasing works of art, to the government system.

Hinduism began to spread beyond Kutai. First, Hinduism developed to West Java and worshiped Tri Murti with evidence of its existence through the inscriptions of Ciaruteun, Kebonkopi, Guava, Pasir Awi, Muara Cianten, Tugu and Lebak .. Central Java, the existing evidence is in the form of Canggal inscriptions, Tuk Mas, Arjuno Temple, Srikandi, Prambanan Temple which contains about Dewa Tri Murti. The Donoyo inscription (ceremony performed by King Dea Simha), Candi Badut, Candi Kidal, Candi Jago, Candi Singosari mark Hinduism in East Java with the peak of its glory when the Majapahit Empire came to power. In Bali, Hinduism is the majority of the population with evidence of the Blanjong inscription, the Shiva statue, various temples that eventually established new Hindu institutions such as Suita gama Tirta, Sara Pustaka, and Surya Kanta. Finally, Hinduism has a Hindu Religious Council which changed its name to PHDI and successfully lobbied for national recognition for Nyepi as a national holiday.